home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- PNEUMATIC SPUD SHOOTER
-
-
-
- PURPOSE
-
- Ever seen those silly little hairspray powered spud guns that are all the rage? How'd you like to
- show up those guys with a cannon capable of launching spuds nearly 5 times farther? Read on...
-
- Testing of hairspray spud guns revealed they can develop no more than 10-20 PSI chamber
- pressure. Most are built from schedule 40 PVC pipe. 3" PVC pipe has a burst pressure of 260
- PSI. People have suggested using other fuels to boost pressures higher, however this is much to
- dangerous. More volatile fuels can be very unpredictable and create pressures that would shatter
- the PVC pipe. Compressed air can be regulated to exact pressures making it an excellent
- propellant. The trick is releasing a large volume of air at once to launch the projectile. Here's how
- it's done...
-
- DRAWINGS
-
- You may need a drawing to fully understand the concepts of operation and assembly. For those of
- you that have a CAD program that can read DXF files, download the zipped version.
-
- PARTS
-
- All pipe and fittings are schedule 40 PVC
-
- 1 1/2" pipe 72" long
- 3" pipe 36" long
- 1 1/2" to 3" bell reducer
- 3" female adapter
- 3" cleanout plug
- diaphragm (see below)
- a couple old trouser legs
- source of compressed air
- blow gun with tapered nozzle (What's a blow gun? It's a valve/nozzle combination that
- attaches to a compressed air hose. They're commonly used in machine shops and
- garages to blow dust away. You can usually find one at most autoparts stores.)
-
- ASSEMBLY
-
- Cut the pipes to length. The barrel pipe must have a perfectly square and smooth surface on the
- breach end. You may have to flat file and sand it to make sure a good seal with the diaphragm is
- achieved.
-
- Cut a 3 3/16 diameter disk of 3/32 thick polypropylene or polyethylene. A cheap dishpan from
- Kmart may be a good source of diaphragm material.
-
- The front bell reducer has a small ridge that would prevent barrel from being pushed through it
- during assembly. Use a half round file to remove the ridge. Make sure you can push the barrel
- though the reducer. Remove the barrel and set it aside.
-
- Drill a hole through the center of the cleanout plug. Size this hole to achieve a tight fit with the
- tapered nozzle of the blow gun.
-
- Assemble the outer chamber first. Glue the bell reducer and the female adapter to each end of the
- 3" pipe. allow the glue to dry before proceeding to install the barrel.
-
- Place the diaphragm in the female adapter and screw the cleanout plug in firmly. Push the barrel
- through the reducer until it sets firmly against the diaphragm. Pull it back out 3 inches to allow glue
- to be applied. Apply glue to the barrel in front of the reducer and push it quickly back into position
- against the diaphragm. Hold the barrel in place until the glue dries.
-
- After the gun is assembled, remove the cleanout plug and check to see if the barrel is properly
- centered in the female adapter at the breach. If it is not, cut 3 or 4 pieces of 5/8" heater hose about
- 1" long and force them between the barrel and the outer chamber.
-
- Slip the old trouser legs over the chamber area of the cannon and tape them in place. This simple
- precaution will contain any pieces of exploding pipe from becoming shrapnel if something should go
- wrong.
-
- FIRING
-
- To fire the cannon, unscrew the cleanout plug and remove the diaphragm. Push a pre-cut spud into
- the breach of the barrel, making sure it is an inch or two below flush. Replace the diaphragm and
- screw the cleanout plug in firmly. Point the cannon down range. Place the blowgun in the charging
- hole drilled centered in the cleanout plug. Start squirting air into the cannon with the blowgun. When
- the sound of hissing air quiets down or stops, the cannon is charged and ready to fire. Keep the
- blowgun valve pressed down. Aim carefully and pull the blowgun from the charging hole.
-
- TIPS
-
- A tapered nozzle on the blowgun is a must. Size the hole in the cleanout plug to fit the nozzle snugly.
- Sharpen a short piece of 1 1/2 pipe on the outside to precut your potato. Portability can be had
- with a 5 or 10 Lb. bottle of CO2 and a regulator. feel free to experiment with different barrel and
- chamber lengths. This plan was only a starting point. Get a couple of friends to help spot your shots.
- The spud leaves the barrel *REAL* fast and can be hard to see. I've got one shot to go 755 yards!
-
- THEORY
-
- Because the diaphragm is somewhat flexible it will bend it's outer edges forward from the pressure
- and allow the air to fill the outer chamber. At the same time this forward pressure is sealing off the
- end of the barrel preventing air from escaping up the barrel. Pulling the blowgun out of the charging
- hole allows the air behind the diaphragm to escape to the atmosphere. At this point all the pressure
- stored in the outer chamber bends the diaphragm in the opposite direction sealing off on the outer
- edge of the cleanout plug. The diaphragm continues to bend under the pressure and unseals the
- barrel end allowing the stored air to escape up the barrel behind the spud. This in turn, propels the
- potato distances before unknown to mortal spud marksmen.
-
- In the pneumatics industry, this device is called a quick exhaust valve. It's commonly used on truck
- air brakes. In an emergency, the quick exhaust valve dumps air from the spring brake chambers to
- apply the brakes fast.
-
- SAFETY
-
- DO NOT FIRE THE CANNON AT ANYONE OR ANYTHING. At nearly 500 feet per second
- muzzle velocity, a potato would be lethal if it were to hit someone.
-
- The pipe should be clearly marked SCH-40 260 PSI. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTIONS or you
- will be reinventing the pneumatic hand grenade.
-
- When assembling the gun BE SURE TO USE THE PROPER TYPE OF PIPE CEMENT! Do not
- use cement made for ABS pipe. If you have any doubts about your gluing technique, GET
- PLUMBER TO HELP YOU!
-
- USE ONLY 100 PSI MAX! This gives the plastic pipe a safety factor of more than 2.
-
- KEEP THE CANNON AT ROOM TEMPERATURE! Exposure to cold temperatures can cause
- the pipe to become dangerously brittle.
-
- As pipe ages it may be a good idea to build a new cannon and discard your old one. All plastics
- have a limited life span and it would be very difficult to estimate the safe life of the cannon.
- ALWAYS KEEP THE TROUSER LEGS IN PLACE ON THE CHAMBER WHEN FIRING!
-
- BE CAREFUL and have fun!
-
-
- Return to Backyard Ballistics
-
-
-
- Copyright ⌐ 1994 Bob Simon
-
- Potato Bazooka Plans
-
-
-
- You may want a couple of buddies to go in buying the material with you, or make 3 at the same
- time, as the pipe comes in 10 foot chunks. I bought all material at a local "Home Depot" for about
- $15.
-
- Note on choice of material: I have seen and heard of plans for spud guns using PVC pipe. In fact,
- an article in the February issue of "Modern Gun" uses PVC. I chose to use schedule 40 ABS
- plastic. The black pipe usually used for sewerage. If you want to know why I chose ABS, take a
- chunk of PVC pipe. Hit it with a 25 lb sledge hammer. It fragments into many *sharp* pieces. Try
- this with ABS. The sledge hammer bounces off the pipe and smashes into your foot. But it didn't
- break! (The pipe, that is, I don't know about your foot). PVC also gets brittle with exposure to
- sunlight. ABS just gets hot. Only ever use schedule 40! That's the thick stuff. It costs a little more,
- but not that much more. The bill of material says 10 foot lengths, only because that's as small a piece
- as is normally sold.
-
- Web master's note: There does seem to be some confusion about what pipe is safest to use.
- Finding pressure rated ABS pipe is nearly impossible in many areas. Most spud shooters are
- therefore constructed of PVC pipe. If you stick to conventional propellants and do not use
- oxidizers, PVC should preform with adequate safety.
-
- Bill of material
-
- 1 10 foot piece of 2 inch diameter schedule 40 ABS pipe
- 1 10 foot piece of 3 inch diameter schedule 40 ABS pipe
- 1 3 inch to 2 inch reducing bushing
- 1 3 inch coupling
- 1 3 inch threaded (one side) coupling
- 1 3 inch threaded end-cap
- 1 can ABS solvent-weld pipe glue. NEVER USE PVC GLUE on ABS!!!
- 1 Coleman sparker - these are easily found in any sporting goods store that has a decent
- camping section. They are normally made for putting inside a Coleman lantern or stove so
- you don't need matches.
-
- Construction
-
- Step 1 - Cut the combustion chamber to size. Cut off a 14 inch section of the 3 inch diameter pipe.
- You don't need the rest of the 10 foot length, so save it for future bazookas, or make one with a
- couple of buddies splitting the cost.
-
- Step 2 - glue the 3inch to 2 inch bushing into one side of the 3 inch coupling, glue the other side of
- the coupling to one end of the 14 inch combustion chamber. Make sure the joints are clean first and
- be liberal with the glue.
-
- Step 3 - glue the threaded coupling to the other end of the combustion chamber (using the slip-joint
- side, obviously) make sure the glue doesn't run into the threads.
-
- Step 4 - Cut the "barrel" to size. Cut off a 36 inch (3 foot) length of the 2 inch pipe. Glue this into
- the other end of the bushing you've glued to the combustion chamber. You should now have the
- complete gun, but it's not ready for firing just yet.
-
- Step 5 - Using a file, taper the "muzzle" for the last half an inch on the outside. This will serve to cut
- the potato as it's rammed in.
-
- Step 6 - You'll need to mount the sparker inside the end cap. If you got the Coleman one, it is
- threaded and has two nuts with it. There is also an angled piece of metal meant to hold the ignitor
- inside a lantern. Take the knurled knob off the end of the shaft. Be careful - there's an extra flint
- inside the knob. Unscrew the nut and discard the angled bit of metal. Drill a hole dead center in the
- ABS end cap of a diameter to take the shaft of the ignitor. Mount the ignitor inside the end cap, put
- the nut on the outside of the shaft and tighten until the ignitor is held in place. The shaft will slide
- back and forth, but won't come out. Put the end knob back on and tighten the lock screw.
-
- Step 7 - Make sure the glue has "cured". I left mine overnight before firing.
-
- Step 8 - make a ram rod. I used surplus 1/2 inch PVC pipe, 4 feet in length. A broom handle, etc.
- will do. Measure and make a mark about 2 feet 8 inches down the ram rod.
-
- To fire: remove end cap. Ram a potato from the muzzle end. The tapered end will cut the potato to
- size. Make sure it has a good seal as you ram it down with the ramrod. Ram to the mark you made.
- I've found most misfires happen when there are gaps between the potato and the barrel where
- gasses can escape. Spray 2 - 5 seconds worth of cheap hair spray (white rain, aqua net) I'd use an
- "unscented" one if you can, or the gun stinks after a few shots! Start at 2 seconds and build up!
- After the hair spray, quickly screw in the end cap. One twist of the ignitor knob sends the spud
- skyward!
-
- Safety
-
- Once you shoot this, you'll see the potato comes out with enough force, you wouldn't want to be on
- the wrong side! Usual safety about pointing the muzzle etc. still apply. This is for fun only. I don't
- make any guarantee you won't blow your arse off. (You may laugh it off, however). Personally, I'd
- never use acetylene, starting fluid (ether), black powder, lighter fluid, gasoline etc. as a propellant,
- but you may not value your body parts as much .
-
- You can get 3 shots off a big spud. Partially baked ones are fun - they seal in better and shoot
- farther, but they do break up and the barrel is a mess to clean up afterwards.
-
- Clean up
-
- Soap and water. Push a small towel through (here's a case where it's OK to clean from the muzzle).
- I've been shooting mine since 12/94 and have been having a barrel of laughs. The spuds will go
- nearly 200 yards! I plan to make the "220 swift" variety by coupling a one inch barrel to the three
- inch combustion chamber. I wonder if you put the barrels on threaded couplings you could have
- interchangeable barrels. Sort of an "Idaho Contender".
-
- Other tricks
-
- Ram in a cardboard container from McDonalds from an order of large fries. Leave the fries in the
- container. The cardboard serves as a sabot and voila - a shotgun!
-
- Warning:
-
- These things have a tendency to attract every 8-12 year old kid in the neighborhood.
-
- Have fun!
-
-
-
- Return to Backyard Ballistics
-
-
-